# Definitions 4(11) — GDPR — provision context

> Focused context for a single provision (4(11)), curated from overview.legal on 2026-08-22. Canonical: https://overview.legal/laws/gdpr/art-4#par-11
> Verify against the official text (EUR-Lex / wetten.overheid.nl) before relying on it.

Part of **Definitions** (GDPR, full article: https://overview.legal/laws/gdpr/art-4).

## Provision text

### 4(11)

‘consent’ of the data subject means any freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous indication of the data subject's wishes by which he or she, by a statement or by a clear affirmative action, signifies agreement to the processing of personal data relating to him or her;


## Topics on this provision

- **Personal Data** — https://overview.legal/topics/persoonsgegevens
  Information relating to identified or identifiable natural persons
- **Processing** — https://overview.legal/topics/verwerking
  Any operation performed on personal data
- **Consent** — https://overview.legal/topics/toestemming
  Freely given, specific, informed indication of data subject wishes

## Cited by (exact-provision citations)

- **Judgment of the Court (Ninth Chamber) of 4 October 2024.#Koninklijke Nederlandse Lawn Tennisbond v Autoriteit Persoonsgegevens.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Rechtbank Amsterdam.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data – Regulation (EU) 2016/679 – Article 5(1)(a) – Lawfulness of processing – Point (f) of the first subparagraph of Article 6(1) – Necessity of processing for the purposes of the legitimate interest** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/132160
- **Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 25 November 2021.#StWL Städtische Werke Lauf a.d. Pegnitz GmbH v eprimo GmbH.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesgerichtshof.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Directive 2002/58/EC – Processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector – Article 2(h) – Concept of ‘electronic mail’ – Article 13(1) – Concept of ‘use of … electronic mail for the purposes of direct marketing’ – Directive 2005/29/EC** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/132319
- **Bundesverband der Verbraucherzentralen v Planet49 GmbH** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/51473
- **Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 4 October 2024.#Agentsia po vpisvaniyata v OL.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Varhoven administrativen sad.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data – Regulation (EU) 2016/679 – Publication in the commercial register of a company’s constitutive instrument containing personal data – Directive (EU) 2017/1132 – Non-compulsory personal data – Lack of consent of the data subjec** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/132161
- **BVwG - W 108 2284491-1** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/122850
- **Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 27 October 2022.#Proximus NV v Gegevensbeschermingsautoriteit.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Hof van beroep te Brussel.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Processing of personal data and protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector – Directive 2002/58/EC – Article 12 – Public telephone directories and directory enquiry services – Subscriber’s consent – Obligations of the provider of directories and of directory enquiry serv** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/132304
- **CJEU - C-61/19 - Orange Romania** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/83472
- **HvJ EU 9 januari 2025, C‑394/23 (Mousse).** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/50377
- **GC and Others v CNIL** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/51475
- **Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 2 December 2025.#X v Russmedia Digital SRL and Inform Media Press SRL.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Curtea de Apel Cluj.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Protection of personal data – Regulation (EU) 2016/679 – Article 4(7) – Concept of ‘controller’ – Responsibility of the operator of an online marketplace for the publication of personal data contained in advertisements placed on its online marketplace by user advertisers – Article 5(2) –** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/132130
- **Meta Platforms v noyb** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/51484
- **BGH - I ZR 7/16** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/122851

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Generated by overview.legal · https://overview.legal/laws/gdpr/art-4#par-11 · 2026-08-22