# Processing of special categories of personal data 9(4) — GDPR — provision context

> Focused context for a single provision (9(4)), curated from overview.legal on 2026-08-22. Canonical: https://overview.legal/laws/gdpr/art-9#par-4
> Verify against the official text (EUR-Lex / wetten.overheid.nl) before relying on it.

Part of **Processing of special categories of personal data** (GDPR, full article: https://overview.legal/laws/gdpr/art-9).

## Provision text

### 9(4)

Member States may maintain or introduce further conditions, including limitations, with regard to the processing of genetic data, biometric data or data concerning health.


## Topics on this provision

- **Special Categories of Data** — https://overview.legal/topics/bijzondere-persoonsgegevens
  Sensitive data requiring enhanced protection (health, biometric, etc.)
- **Genetic Data** — https://overview.legal/topics/genetic-data
  Processing of genetic and hereditary data
- **Types of Special Categories of Personal Data** — https://overview.legal/topics/special-categories-data-types
  A dedicated topic is needed to comprehensively cover the specific types and definitions of special categories of personal data, including racial/ethnic origin, 
- **Biometric Data** — https://overview.legal/topics/biometric-data
  Processing of biometric data for identification
- **Biometric Data** — https://overview.legal/topics/biometrie
  Unique physical characteristics used for identification

## Cited by (exact-provision citations)

- **CJEU - C-667/21 - Krankenversicherung Nordrhein** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/156362
- **Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 21 December 2023.#ZQ v Medizinischer Dienst der Krankenversicherung Nordrhein, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesarbeitsgericht.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data – Regulation (EU) 2016/679 – Article 6(1) – Conditions for lawful processing – Article 9(1) to (3) – Processing of special categories of data – Data concerning heal** (case-law) — https://overview.legal/posts/132276
- **Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 21 December 2023.#ZQ v Medizinischer Dienst der Krankenversicherung Nordrhein, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesarbeitsgericht.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data – Regulation (EU) 2016/679 – Article 6(1) – Conditions for lawful processing – Article 9(1) to (3) – Processing of special categories of data – Data concerning heal** ¶67 (case-law, Court of Justice of the European Union) — https://overview.legal/posts/132276
- **Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 21 December 2023.#ZQ v Medizinischer Dienst der Krankenversicherung Nordrhein, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesarbeitsgericht.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data – Regulation (EU) 2016/679 – Article 6(1) – Conditions for lawful processing – Article 9(1) to (3) – Processing of special categories of data – Data concerning heal** ¶65 (case-law, Court of Justice of the European Union) — https://overview.legal/posts/132276
- **CJEU - C-667/21 - Krankenversicherung Nordrhein** ¶5 (case-law, GDPRhub) — https://overview.legal/posts/156362
- **Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 21 December 2023.#ZQ v Medizinischer Dienst der Krankenversicherung Nordrhein, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesarbeitsgericht.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data – Regulation (EU) 2016/679 – Article 6(1) – Conditions for lawful processing – Article 9(1) to (3) – Processing of special categories of data – Data concerning heal** ¶73 (case-law, Court of Justice of the European Union) — https://overview.legal/posts/132276
- **Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 21 December 2023.#ZQ v Medizinischer Dienst der Krankenversicherung Nordrhein, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts.#Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesarbeitsgericht.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data – Regulation (EU) 2016/679 – Article 6(1) – Conditions for lawful processing – Article 9(1) to (3) – Processing of special categories of data – Data concerning heal** ¶70 (case-law, Court of Justice of the European Union) — https://overview.legal/posts/132276
- **EDPB-EDPS Joint Opinion 01/2023 on the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down additional procedural rules relating to the enforcement of Regulation (EU) 2016/679** (guidance) — https://overview.legal/posts/125829
- **Opinion 1/2022 on the draft decision of the Luxembourg Supervisory Authority regarding the GDPR – CARPA certification criteria** (guidance) — https://overview.legal/posts/125965
- **EDPB-EDPS Joint Opinion 03/2022 on the Proposal for a Regulation on the European Health Data Space** (guidance) — https://overview.legal/posts/125922
- **EDPB Document on response to the request from the European Commission for clarifications on the consistent application of the GDPR, focusing on health research** (guidance) — https://overview.legal/posts/126069
- **EDPB-EDPS Joint Opinion 04/2021 on the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on a framework for the issuance, verification and acceptance of interoperable certificates on vaccination, testing and recovery** (guidance) — https://overview.legal/posts/126039

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Generated by overview.legal · https://overview.legal/laws/gdpr/art-9#par-4 · 2026-08-22