Skip to content
Enforcement · Data Protection Authority of Hamburg EN LLM context A cited markdown file you can paste into your AI assistant (ChatGPT, Claude, a RAG or project knowledge base) to ground it in this document. Contains: this document’s text, its sections with their topics, and the full text of every law provision it applies. Everything links back to its source on overview.legal — legal information, not advice.

Private individual: Insufficient legal basis for data processing

The DPA of Hamburg imposed a fine of EUR 5,000 on a private individual.

€5,000 Fine
Private individual
GERMANY
Art. 5 GDPR Art. 6 GDPR

Full text

The DPA of Hamburg imposed a fine of EUR 5,000 on a private individual. The individual had filmed numerous young women in public. Some of the recorded female persons were apparently younger than 14 years. In several cases, the individual approached the filmed persons to within a few centimeters and followed them with the camera for up to 38 minutes. During a search of the backpack, the police officers found a digital camera and eight memory cards. The seized memory cards contained a total of 156 video files. In the course of its investigation, the DPA found that the individual had processed the personal data of the young women he had filmed, although no effective consent had been given.

Industry: Individuals and Private Associations

How it connects

CJEU: Processing of beneficiary data not based on consent; individuals must be informed Purpose for processing: The legislation at issue does base the processing on consent. Rather, it provides that they are to be informed. Thus, processing is not based on their… Nov 9, 2010 Consent Personal Data Right to Restriction
C-60/22 UZ v Bundesrepublik Deutschland In Case C-60/22, the CJEU (Fifth Chamber) ruled on a preliminary reference from the Verwaltungsgericht Wiesbaden concerning UZ, a third-country national, and the Bundesrepublik… CJEU ·Fifth Chamber May 4, 2023 Right to Restriction Right to be Forgotten Personal Data
C-129/21 Proximus NV v Gegevensbeschermingsautoriteit In a preliminary ruling requested by the Brussels Court of Appeal, the Court of Justice of the European Union addressed the interpretation of Article 12 of Directive 2002/58/EC… CJEU ·Fourth Chamber Oct 27, 2022 Telecommunications Right to be Forgotten Personal Data
W256 2227693-1 Austrian FAC: DPA rightly found loyalty program consent for profiling invalid under GDPR On 05.09.2019, the Austrian DPA (DSB) notified the controller of a customer loyalty program that they were initiating an ex officio investigation. The controller responded by… Federal Administrative Court Sep 28, 2023 Marketing Profiling Automated Decision-Making
C-621/22 Koninklijke Nederlandse Lawn Tennisbond v Autoriteit Persoonsgegevens The CJEU ruled on a preliminary reference from the Amsterdam District Court in proceedings between the Koninklijke Nederlandse Lawn Tennisbond (KNLTB) and the Dutch Data… CJEU ·Ninth Chamber Oct 4, 2024 Personal Data Legitimate Interest IP Address
C-654/23 Inteligo Media SA v Autoritatea Naţională de Supraveghere a Prelucrării Datelor cu Caracter Personal (ANSPDCP) Het Hof van Justitie van de EU (Eerste Kamer) beantwoordt een prejudiciële vraag over de uitleg van artikel 13 van Richtlijn 2002/58/EC (ePrivacy) en de verhouding tot de GDPR,… CJEU Mar 27, 2025 Telecommunications Personal Data Marketing