Skip to content
GDPR Art. 48 EN
LLM context A cited markdown file you can paste into your AI assistant (ChatGPT, Claude, a RAG or project knowledge base) to ground it in this article. Contains: the article text, related recitals, cases citing it, enforcement stats and top fines, guidance, and related topics. Everything links back to its source on overview.legal — legal information, not advice.

Transfers or disclosures not authorised by Union law

In force — consolidated2016-05-04 · CELEX 02016R0679-20160504 · ELI ↗
Version history 2
  • 2016-05-04in force CELEX 02016R0679-20160504
  • 2016-04-27 CELEX 32016R0679

Any judgment of a court or tribunal and any decision of an administrative authority of a third country requiring a controller or processor to transfer or disclose personal data may only be recognised or enforceable in any manner if based on an international agreement, such as a mutual legal assistance treaty, in force between the requesting third country and the Union or a Member State, without prejudice to other grounds for transfer pursuant to this Chapter.

Enforcement

Cited in 11 fines totalling €8.3M

Top authority: 🇪🇺Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd) (10) · median fine €8,000 · see all enforcement for Art. 48 →

Related across sources